Name ___________________

CPTR246 Spring 2011 (100 total points) Exam 1

Classes and Objects

1. We’re going to develop a class to help us keep track of our DVD collections. Below is the definition for a class called Collection. The public and private sections of the class declaration are complete. You are to fill in the code for each member function, using the coded comments, along with your own experience in coding classes, as a guide to each function's use. (4 points for each function)

/*************************************************

* Collection.h *

*************************************************/

#include <string>

class Collection{

public:

Collection(string name);

// .... see below

void addDVD(string title);

// .... see below

void display();

// .... see below

string getFavorite();

// .... see below

bool setFavorite(string title);

// .... see below

private:

string owner; // DVD collection owner’s name

int numberOfDVDs; // number of DVDs in the person’s collection

string DVD[500]; // array containing the title for up to 500 DVDs

int favorite; // the index of this person’s favorite DVD,

// -1 if the owner has no favorite

};

Collection:: Collection (string name){

// Intent: Constructor

// Pre: name is the name of the person for whom this collection is being created

// Post: data members initialized properly

// NOTE: when created, the DVD collection has no items in it (and so there

// can be no favorite)

}

void Collection::addDVD(string title){

// Intent: To add a DVD to the collection.

// Pre: collection has fewer than 500 DVDs in it and ‘title’ is not already in

// the collection

// Post: instance variables are updated properly

}

void Collection::display(){

// Intent: display a list of all of the DVDs in the collection

// Pre: none

// Post: none

}

string Collection::getFavorite(){

// Intent: This is an accessor function that returns the title of the

// the owner’s favorite DVD in the collection

// Pre: none

// Post: The title of the favorite DVD is returned, if the owner has one;

// returns “No favorite selected” otherwise

}

bool Collection::setFavorite(string title){

// Intent: to record that the collection’s owner has a new favorite DVD

// pre: none

// post: if the title is in the collection, ‘favorite’ is set to the index

// of that title and true is returned. If the title is not in the

// collection, then return false

}

2. Using the class definition from question 1, give C++ code (1 line) to define a Collection object called mine with the owner’s name as your name. (3 points)

3. Using the mine object that you defined in question 2 and method definitions from the class definition in question 1, write code that will add two movies to your collection and then display the collection. (4 points)

Verifying input

4. Write code that will prompt the user for an integer between 1 and 10, gets their response, and then checks to make sure that they did indeed enter an integer between 1 and 10. If they did not, display an appropriate message on the screen and allow the user to try again. Use a loop so that the program will not continue until the user enters an appropriate value. (6 points)

int n; // should be an integer between 1 and 10

Recursion

5. Write a recursive function named gizmo that takes one parameter, an integer greater than or equal to 0 and returns an integer, given the following base and general cases. (8 points)

Base case: gizmo(0) = 3

General case: gizmo(n) = (1 + gizmo(n-1)) * 2

What would be returned by the function call gizmo(3)? (5 points)

Call-by-value and Call-by-reference

6. What is the output of the following C++ code? Write the output below the program. (6 points)

// sample program for exam # 1

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void someFunction(int & a, int & b){

cout << a << " " << b << endl;

a = 30;

b = 40;

cout << a << " " << b << endl;

}

int main() {

int num1 = 10;

int num2 = 20;

someFunction (num1, num2);

cout << num1 << " " << num2 << endl;

return 0;

}

File I/O

7. Make the necessary changes to the following code so that the input comes from the file values.dat rather than from the keyboard. (6 points)

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

cout << "Enter integers: (ctrl-d to end)" << endl;

int x;

int count = 0;

int total = 0;

cin >> x;

while (!cin.eof()){

count = count + 1;

total = total + x

cin >> x;

}

if (count > 0)

cout << “The average is “ << (double) total / count << endl;

else

cout << “No integers were entered” << endl;

return 0;

}

Input Buffers and I/O States

8. Matching: Select the description that best matches each of the following member function calls if it would be executed after the following code: (2 points each)

int x; // suppose you’re reading in an integer

cout << “Enter an integer: “;

cin >> x;

a) cin.clear();

b) cin.eof()

c) cin.fail();

d) cin.ignore(80, ‘\n’);

e) cin.peek();

_____ and _____ return true if the user hits the key combination ctrl-d

_____ allows us to look at the first character (byte) in the buffer

_____ turns off the fail and eof flags

_____ removes characters (bytes) from the buffer

a. Give an example of what the user might enter in the above code that would cause the condition (cin.fail())to be true and (cin.eof())to be false. (2 points)

b. Give an example of what the user might enter in the above code that would cause the condition cin.fail() to be false but the condition (cin.peek() != '\n') to be true. (2 points)

c. Suppose that when the code above is excuted, the user entered “12,3458” (note that 8 signifies that the user hit the enter key and that the double quotes where not actually entered by the user).

a. What would the variable x contain? (1 point)

b. What, if anything, remains in the buffer? (1 point)

Random Number Generation

9. Below is the prototype for the built-in function that generates a random number:

int rand(); // returns an integer between 0 and RAND_MAX

Complete the three assignment statements below so that variables x, y, and z have the values described in the comments. (Recall: the C++ remainder operator is % and the built-in value RAND_MAX.) (6 points)

int x, y;

double z;

x = // a random integer between 0 and 9

y = // a random integer between 1 and 10

z = // a random real number between 0 and 1

2-dimensional Arrays

10. Write the specified code in C++:

· Define a 2-dimensional array of integers named matrix with 25 rows and 10 columns. (5 points)

· Assume that the array matrix has been defined. Write code that will set every element in the array matrix to -1 (negative one). (5 points)

11. Write a function called numberNegative that takes two parameters, a two-dimensional array of integers with 10 columns and an integer for the number of rows. It returns an integer, specifically the number of entries in the array that are negative (strictly less than zero). (10 points)